Abstract Objectives: This study aims to develop national HIV policy recommendations for Pakistan that aligns with global best practices. The objectives are to identify evidence-based strategies from high-performing countries, assess Pakistan’s policy and programmatic gaps, and propose actionable recommendations for achieving the UNAIDS 95-95-95 targets by 2030. Design: A mixed-methods policy analysis was conducted. The approach combined comparative review, secondary data synthesis,…
Abstract Background and Rationale: The digital economy has emerged as a critical driver of global economic transformation, fostering innovation, transparency, and financial inclusion. For Pakistan, a developing nation facing persistent inflation, weak institutional trust, and low digital penetration, digital transformation offers a path toward sustainable growth. However, the country’s economic framework remains constrained by bureaucratic inefficiencies, inadequate information and communication technology…
Abstract Background: Pakistan’s healthcare system faces rising costs and inequitable access to medicines, with branded pharmaceuticals dominating prescriptions despite the availability of less expensive generics. Out-of-pocket medicine expenditure exceeds 60% of total health spending, placing an unsustainable burden on patients. Objective: To evaluate the prescription dynamics between branded and generic medicines in Pakistan, identify policy and regulatory gaps, and propose a strategic…
Abstract Introduction: Healthcare accreditation has become a critical mechanism for ensuring quality, accountability, and patient safety in hospitals worldwide. The Joint Commission International Accreditation (JCIA) sets one of the highest global standards for healthcare organizations. Many hospitals in countries such as India, the United Arab Emirates, and Malaysia have achieved JCIA status through systematic reforms. In contrast, Pakistani hospitals continue…
